Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced a Rs 20,000 crore Nuclear Energy Mission in Budget 2025 to advance research and development of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). This initiative aims to operationalize five indigenously developed SMRs by 2033 and amend relevant nuclear legislation. The announcement has generated excitement in the startup ecosystem, presenting a potential for deep-tech innovation akin to the impact of the semiconductor sector’s Production Linked Incentive scheme. However, challenges such as high entry costs and funding difficulties persist, as investors often seek confirmed orders. The mission is expected to enhance India’s technological capabilities and energy security in the long run.